About Breast Reduction

Breast reduction surgery, also known as reduction mammaplasty, is a procedure used to remove excess fat, tissue and skin from the breasts. If you have large breasts, you might choose to have breast reduction surgery to ease discomfort or to achieve a breast size proportionate to your body.

It's important to understand what breast reduction surgery entails — including possible risks and complications — as well as set realistic expectations.

8 important thing a patient needs to know about breast reduction

• Insurance may not cover it.
• You may have to lose weight before undergoing surgery.
• Other procedures may be involved.
• Post-op issues are common—though minor.
• Recovery isn't too rough.
• But your breasts need time to settle.
• Your nipples may feel different- loss in nipple sensitivity or nipples will become more sensitive.
• You may not be able to breast-feed.

Why it's done

Breast reduction surgery is meant for women who have large breasts and want to resolve issues such as:

• Chronic back, neck and shoulder pain that requires pain medications.
• Chronic rash or skin irritation under the breasts.
• Nerve pain.
• Restricted activity.
• Poor self-image related to large breasts.
• Difficulty fitting into bras and clothing.

Breast reduction surgery generally isn't recommended if you:

• Smoke.
• Have certain conditions such as diabetes or heart problems.
• Are very obese.
• Want to avoid scars on your breasts.

You might postpone breast reduction surgery if you have certain future plans, such as:

Childbirth. If you haven't started a family or your family isn't yet complete, you might wait until pregnancy isn't an issue. Breast-feeding might be challenging after breast reduction surgery — although certain surgical techniques can help preserve your ability to breast-feed.

Weight loss. If you are interested in losing weight by changing your diet and starting an exercise program, you might wait to decide if reduction mammoplasty is for you. Losing weight can often result in changes to your breast size.

Risks

Breast reduction surgery has the same risks as any other type of major surgery — bleeding, infection and an adverse reaction to the anesthesia.

• Complete various lab tests.
• Get a baseline mammogram.
• Stop smoking for a certain period of time before and after surgery.
• Avoid taking aspirin, anti-inflammatory drugs and herbal supplements, to control bleeding during surgery.
• Ask your surgeon whether you'll be able to go home the day of the surgery or whether you'll need to spend a night in the hospital. Arrange for someone to drive you home after surgery or when you leave the hospital.

What you can expect

Breast reduction surgery is usually done under general anesthesia, either in a hospital or outpatient surgical facility.

During the procedure

The specific technique used to reduce the size of your breasts can vary. The procedure might include:

• Surgery through incisions.
• Liposuction to remove the excess fat in your breasts.

The surgeon usually:

• Makes an incision around the areola and down each breast.
• Removes excess breast tissue, fat and skin to reduce the size of each breast.
• Reshapes the breast and repositions the nipple and areola.

The nipple and areola:

• Usually remain attached to the breast.
• Might need to be removed and then reattached at a higher position as a skin graft if your breasts are very large Your surgeon will try to achieve symmetry between your breasts, but some variation in breast size and shape might occur. The size of the areola also might be reduced. Your incision scars might fade over time but will never completely disappear.

Immediately after surgery:

• Your breasts will be covered with a gauze dressing or bandages.
• A tube might be placed under each arm to drain any excess blood or fluid.
• You likely will take medication for pain and antibiotics, to decrease your risk of infection.

For the first days or week after surgery:

• Your breasts will probably feel tender and sensitive.
• Your breasts might be swollen and bruised.
• Your surgeon might recommend an elastic compression bra to protect the breasts.

After that:

• You'll need to limit physical activity for two to four weeks while the breasts heal.
• Your surgeon might suggest avoiding underwire bras for a few months after surgery.
• Scarring usually fades over time. You will need a follow-up visit with your surgeon to remove stitches and check your recovery.

Results

• Successful breast reduction surgery can relieve pain in your upper back, neck and shoulders. It might also increase your ability to participate in physical activities and promote a more positive self-image.
• Although you'll see results immediately, remember that it can take months for the swelling to completely go down and the surgical scars to fade. The final result is generally permanent — although breast shape and size can change due to factors such as aging and weight gain or loss.